250 Essential Japanese Kanji Characters Volume 1 Page 7
してつ shitetsu private railway line/company
85 手
te, shu
て、シュ
hand
手 derives from a pictograph of a hand. All the elements shown below are used to refer to hand.
手 て te hand
山手線 やまのてせん Yamanote sen Yamanote Line
おおてまち Ōtemachi Otemachi (place)
______
てがみ tegami letter
てすうりよう tesūryō fee, charge, commission
かしゅ kashu singer
じよしゅ joshu research associate, assistant
せんしゅ senshu athlete
86 上
ue, nobo-ru, jō
うえ、のぼ・る、ジョウ
above, on, up; upper; rise
To indicate above, on, or up, the ancient Chinese drew a dot above a line. This was later modified to 上.
上 うえ ue on, above, up, upper, rise
年去 どしうえ toshiue elder
上野 うえの Ueno Ueno (place)
上り のぼり nobori up, ascent
上下 じょうげ jōge top and bottom, upper and lower, up and down
______
上り電車 のぼりでんしや nobori densha inbound train
屋上 おくじょう okujō housetop, roof
ごにんいじよう gonin ijō five people or more
じょうきゅう jōkyū advanced course
87 新
atara-shii, shin
あたら・しい、シン
new
新 combines 立 stand (cf. 167), 木 tree, and 斤 ax (cf. 76 所). From the idea of cutting a standing tree with an ax to produce fresh timber, 新 has come to mean new. Another version says that standing trees are cut to clear new land.
新しい あたらしい atarashii new
新年 しんねん shinnen the New Year
新々生 しんにゆう せい shinnyūsei new student/pupil
しんじゆく Shinjuku Shinjuku (place)
______
新人 しんじん shinjin newcomer, new face
新住所 しんじゆう しよ shin jūsho new address
新学期 しんがっき shin gakki new term/semester
しんぶん shimbun newspaper
88 田
ta, (da)
た、(だ)
rice field, paddy
田 derives from a pictograph of a rice field.
田 た ta rice field, paddy
三田線 みたせん Mita sen Mita Line
千代田線 ちよだせん Chiyoda sen Chiyoda Line
________
田中さん たなかさん Tanaka san Mr./Ms. Tanaka
本田さん ほんださん Honda san Mr./Ms. Honda
小田急線 おだきゆうせん Odakyū sen Odakyu Line
89 代
ka-waru, yo, dai
か・わる、よ、ダイ
substitute, replace; price; generation
代, which combines イ man and 弋 weapon (cf. 54 式), came to mean substitute from the idea of an army getting stronger as weapons were substituted for man power. When buying things, money is substituted for a commodity; thus 代 also means price. An associated meaning is generation.
代（わ）りに かわりに kawari ni instead
代々木 よよぎ Yoyogi Yoyogi (place)
バス代 バスだい basu dai bus fare
時代 じだい jidai period, epoch, era
代金 だいきん daikin price, charge
________
電気代 でんきだい denki dai electricity charges
げんだい gendai present age, modern times
せだい sedai generation
だいりにん dairinin deputy, agent, substitute
90 丸
maru, maru-i
まる、まる・い
circle; round
丸, which depicts a man rounding his back to enter a cave, means round. An associated meaning is circle.
丸 まる maru circle
丸い まるい marui round, circular, spherical
______
91 内
uchi, nai
うち、ナイ
inside
内 depicts a man 人 inside a house 冂, meaning inside.
都内 どない tonai inside Tokyo
年内 ねんない nennai within the year
内科 ないか naika internal medicine unit; internal medicine
______
うちがわ uchigawa inside
学内便 がくないびん gakunai bin campus mail
かない kanai my wife
市内 しない shinai inside a city, civic
92 西
nishi, sei, sai, (zai)
にし、セイ、サイ、(ザイ)
west
西, which depicts a bird in its nest, suggests west because the sun sets in the west when birds return home in the evening.
西 にし nishi west
東西線 どうざいせん Tōzai sen Tozai Line
________
西洋 せいよう seiyō the West
かんさい Kansai Kansai area
93 営
ei
エイ
perform, manage
営 derives from 營. indicates house 冖 with lights 火 on, and 呂 represents rooms. From this, 営 has come to mean perform work or manage business in an office.
都営地下鉄 どえいちかてつ toei chikatetsu metropolitan subway
市営 しえい shiei municipally-managed
________
けいえいしゃ keieisha manager, executive
4 Practice
I. Write the readings of the following kanji in hiragana.
1. 地 下 鉄
2. 六 本 木
3. 大 手
4. 上 野
5. 新
6. 日 線
7. 三 田 線
8. 千 代 田 線
9. 丸 ノ 内 線
10. 東 西 線
11. 何 線
12. 都 営 線
13. 地 名
14. 下 り
15. 内 線
16. 時 代
17. 西
18. 新 年
19. 上 り
20. 東 の そ ら に 、 丸 い 月 が で て い ま す 。
21. 上 田 さ ん は わ た し よ り 二 つ 年 上 で す 。
22. 新 に は 新 し い ビ ル が た く さ ん あ り ま す 。
II. Fill in the blanks with appropriate kanji.
5 Advanced Placement Exam Practice Question
Miyuki will go shopping tomorrow in Roppongi with her friend Ichiro on her way home from her university, which is at Hongo. She is supposed to meet him at Roppongi Station (六本木) at 4:00 P.M. She can go to Hongo-sanchome Station (本郷三丁目), near the university, at about 3:15 P.M. She is checking the route on the Internet.
Look at the information above and answer the following questions.
1. Which route is the fastest?
A. Route 1
B. Route 2
C. Route 3
D. Route 4
2. Which route takes the most time?
A. Route 1
B. Route 2
C. Route 3
D. Route 4
3. Which route doesn’t take the Toei lines?
A. Route 1
B. Route 2
C. Route 3
D. Route 4
4. Which route is the cheapest?
A. Route 1
B. Route 2
C. Route 3
D. Route 4
5. Which route changes trains from one Toei line to another Toei line?
A. Route 1
B. Route 2
C. Route 3
D. Route 4
LESSON 7
Buying Tickets
きっぷを かいましょ
う
Except for long-distance tickets, ordinary subway and railroad tickets are valid only on the day of issue. Coupon tickets are also available for about a 10% discount. Since different kinds of tickets are required by the Tokyo-Metro, Toei, JR, and private lines, care should be taken to use the proper vending machines in stations serving many lines. Long-distance tickets of higher values are usually purchased at ticket windows. At many stations, automated ticket gates are replacing conventional ones, as seen in the photo above.
1 Introductory Quiz
Look at the illustrations below and refer to the words in Vocabulary. Then try the following quiz.
I. Below right is a simplified route map of the Yamanote and Chuo Lines. The stations marked ◎ are connecting stations. The Yamanote Line is a loop, and it takes about an hour to make a complete circle. The Chuo Line starts from Tokyo station, cuts through the center of the Yamanote Line, and goes as far as Takao, about 50 kilometers from its starting point.
Study the fare chart at Shinjuku station, and then answer the questions.
1. 新 から つぎの 駅までは いくらですか。
a. しんばし ( ) 円
b. よよぎ ( ) 円
c. おちゃのみず ( ) 円
d. なかの ( ) 円
2. 山手線と 中央線の 連絡駅は どれと どれですか。
II. Shown below are various kinds of ordinary tickets and a coupon ticket for the JR lines, purchased at Shinjuku station. The coupon ticket is valid for a specified journey. The child’s ticket looks the same as the adult’s ticket, but it is marked with a kanji meaning “small”.
Also included are the IC cards “SUICA” and “PASMO.” SUICA and PASMO are useful cards that let the user go through automatic ticket gates with a touch on the scanner at either end of a journey, and calculate the appropriate fare.
Match the appropriate ticket to each statement below, and write the correct letters (a through e) in the spaces provided.
Example:
(d) 行きの きっぷです。
1. 新から代々木行きは 大人は 130円 ( ) 、こどもは 60円 ( ) です。
2. ( ) は この 区間だけの 回数券です。
3. ( ) はJRや地下鉄など全線に のれます。
2 Vocabulary
Study the readings and meanings of these words to help you understand the Introductory Quiz.
1. きっぷ kippu ticket
2. ょょぎ Yoyogi Yoyogi (station) (*see Lesson 2, 23 時）
3. 自勳 じどう jidō automatic
4. うりば uriba (ticket) vending area
5. (ご）あんない (go)annai information
6. えきめい ekimei station name
7. りょうきん ryōkin fare
8. しぶや Shibuya Shibuya (station)
9. いけぶくろ Ikebukuro Ikebukuro (station)
10. しながわ Shinagawa Shinagawa (station)
11. しん ばし Shimbashi Shinbashi (station)
12. なかの Nakano Nakano (station)
13. よつや Yotsuya Yotsuya (station)
14. おちゃのみず Ochanomizu Ochanomizu (station)
15. かんだ Kanda Kanda (station)
16. やまのてせん Yamanote sen Yamanote Line
17. ちゆうおうせん Chuō sen Chuo Line
18. 連絡 れんらく renraku connection
19. 〜行き 〜いき/ゆき ~iki/yuki bound for ~
20. おどな otona adult
21. 小 しょう shō abbreviation for child
22. こども kodomo child
23. かいすうけん kaisū ken coupon ticket
24. ぜんせん zensen all along the line
3 New Characters
Twelve characters are introduced in this lesson. Use the explanations to help you understand and remember the characters. Study the compound words to increase your vocabulary.
山 中 央 連 絡 自 動 小 人 全 行 回
94 山
yama, san, (zan)
やま、サン、(ザン）
mountain
山 derives from a pictograph of mountains.
山 やま yama mountain
山手線 やまのてせん Yamanote sen Yamanote Line
火山 かざん kazan volcano
______
山田さん やまださん Yamada san Mr./Ms./Miss/Mrs Yamada
ふじさん Fujisan Mt. Fuji
95 中
naka, chū, (jū)
なか、チュウ、(ジュウ）
middle, inside; throughout
中 depicts a board with a rod through its center.
中 なカヽ naka the inside, the interior
なかの Nakano Nakano (place)
使用中 しようちゆう shiyō chū in use, occupied
一日中 いちにちじゆう ichinichi jū all day long
曰本中 にほんじゆう nihon jū throughout Japan
______
中学 ちゅうがく chūgaku junior high school
ちゅうしん chūshin center
ちゅうきゅう chūkyū intermediate course
ちゆうこ chūko used, secondhand
96 央
ō
オウ
center, middle
央 depicts a man standing with arms outstretched in the middle of a house.
中央 ちゅうおう chūō the center, the middle
中央区 ちゅうおうく chūō ku Chuo Ward
中央線 ちゆうおうせん chūō sen Chuo Line
______
97 連
tsu-reru, ren
つ・れる、レン
connect, link; take along
連 means connect or link, because vehicles 車 (cf. 106) on a road (cf. 16 週) follow one after another like links in a chain.
連れて行く つれていく tsureteiku to take (someone) along /with
連休 れんきゅう renkvū consecutive holidays
______
かんれん kanren relation, connection
国連 こくれん Kokuren abbreviation for 国際連合 (the United Nations)
98 絡
kara-mu, raku
から・む、ラク
get tangled; connect
絡 combines 糸 thread (cf. 81 線) and 各, which by itself means each (cf. 120) but here indicates a knotted thread. A thread with knots gets tangled easily. An associated meaning is connect.
連絡する れんらくする renraku suru to connect with,
to make contact
連絡先 れんらくさき renraku saki where to contact
連絡駅 れんらくえき renraku eki connecting station, junction
________
絡む からむ karamu to get tangled
連絡ロ れんらくぐち renraku guchi connection gate
れんらくつうろ renraku tsūro connecting passageway
99 自
ji, shi
ジ、シ
self
自 derives from a pictograph of a nose. In Japan, pointing at one’s nose indicates I or me.
自分 じぶ、ん jibun oneself, one s own
________
じゆうな jiyū na free, unrestricted
じたく jitaku one's own home/house
しぜん shizen nature
100 動
ugo-ku, dō
うご・く、ドウ
move
動 combines 重, man standing on a pile of heavy things on the ground, and 力 force (cf. 67 男). Even heavy things will move if great forces are exerted on them.
動く うごく ugoku to move (vi.)
自動 じどう jidō automatic
______
手動 しゅどう shudō manually operated, hand-powered
うんどうする undō suru to exercise, to campaign, to move
101 小
ko, chii-sai, shō
こ、ちい・さい、ショウ
small, little
小 depicts a stick shaved on both sides to make it slender and small.
小さい ちいさい chiisai small, little
小学生 しようがくせい shōgakusei school children
______
こづつみ kozutsumi parcel
しょうせつ shōsetsu novel
小児科 しようにか shōnika pediatrics
大小 だいしょう daishō large and small, size
102 人
hito, jin, nin
ひと、ジン、ニン
human being; person
人 derives from a pictograph of a man. When used as a radical, 人 is written イ.
人 ひど hito person
曰本人 にほんじん nihon jin a Japanese (person)
本人 ほんにん honnin the person himself/herself, the said person
大人 *おどな otona adult
二人 *ふたり futari two people
________
しゅじん shujin husband; shop owner
人間 にんげん ningen human being
103 全
zen
ゼン
all, whole; entirely
全 represents a mound of 土 earth containing everything or covering the whole area underneath.
全線 ぜんせん zensen all (train/bus) lines, all along the line
全学 ぜんがく zengaku the whole university
全部 ぜんぶ zembu all, whole
________
全国 ぜんこく zenkoku the whole country
ぜんたい zentai the whole
ぜんいん zen'in all members
かんぜんな kanzen na perfect, complete